Molecular Detection Of Brucella Spp. AndAssessment Of Some Immunological ParametersIn Suspected Brucellosis Cases From BabylonProvince

Abstract

Background
Brucellosis remains a main source of disease in humans and animal husbandry worldwide. 
Objective : Genetic analysis for the detection of Brucella spp. and study of immune responses in potential Brucellosis infections in Babylon province. 
Materials : The study was conducted over a six-month period, from March 2024 to August 2024. A total of 150 patients, both male and female, aged between 15 and 55 years, visited private clinics in Babylon province. These patients were positive for rose Bengal test. Blood samples were collected from each patient, along with 20 samples from healthy individuals serving as the control group. After detecting Brucella spp. using PCR, several immunological markers associated with brucellosis were evaluated. 
Results: The Rose Bengal test detected Brucella spp. in 53 (46.2%) of 150 blood samples from brucellosis patients. Results of study on recognizing Brucella bacteria using spesific Bcsp31 gene primer from blood samples. The primer combination utilized in this investigation amplified a (223bp) fragment from Brucella (22 from 53 blood samples tested positive for Rose Bengal). Study group mean Perforin and granzyme B protein differences (case and control). The study found significant increases in Perforin (19.52±3.88) and granzyme B (74.31±13.88) levels in Brucellosis patients compared to the control group (6.39±6.33) (P≥0.05). The study found that patients with Brucellosis had higher IL-12 levels (287.54±12.18ng/ml) compared to the control group (188.08±2.29ng/ml), with a significant difference (P<0.05). 
Conclusion: In order to have a complete understanding of the immune response to Brucella, it was essential to have a solid understanding of the action of perforin and granzyme B, since these two proteins were played an important role in The process.