The Role of Nursing Interventions in Epidemic Control: A Systematic Study Hawazen Omran

Abstract

Background: Nurses are central to epidemic management, serving as the first line of defense in healthcare settings and communities. Effective nursing interventions are critical for reducing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), improving patient safety, and enhancing public health outcomes during epidemics and pandemics.

Aim: This systematic study explores the role and effectiveness of nursing interventions in epidemic control, focusing on infection prevention, missed care, health education, and nurses’ experiences during pandemics.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, with literature searches performed across PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, PsychInfo, and ASSIA. Eligible studies published between 2022 and 2025 included quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods research, as well as systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Data were extracted on study design, sample size, type of nursing intervention, outcomes, and key findings.

Results: Six studies met the inclusion criteria. Evidence indicates that nursing interventions such as adherence to infection control measures, patient education, health surveillance, community outreach, and provision of home-based care significantly reduce HAIs, improve patient outcomes, and lower missed nursing care. Nurses’ adaptability, leadership, and educational efforts during pandemics were also found to be crucial in managing health crises, mitigating physical and psychological stress, and promoting adherence to preventive measures.

Conclusions: Nurses play a pivotal role in epidemic control through hospital-based, community-focused, and educational interventions. Organizational support, adequate staffing, and access to resources enhance the effectiveness of these interventions. Coordinated efforts across healthcare institutions and communities are essential for improving epidemic preparedness, patient safety, and public health outcomes.