The objective of this study is to examine the impact of obesity and insulin resistance on various biochemical parameters associated with cardiovascular risk factors. Methods: This study employed a comparative cross-sectional design, involving a total of 234 participants. Among these, 178 individuals were identified as diabetes patients receiving treatment at the IBN_SENA TEACHING HOSPITAL, specifically in the diabetic and cardiovascular departments. Individuals diagnosed with type II diabetes were categorized into three distinct groups based on their body mass index (BMI): the group with a normal BMI, the group classified as overweight, and the group classified as obese. The control group consisted of a sample of 78 individuals who were in good health, picked from the IBN_SENA TEACHING HOSPITAL in Iraq .Results: The measurement of HbA1C indicated elevated levels of HbA1C in both the control group and the patients' group among females in all three categories. The analysis of Body Mass Index (BMI) indicated that males in the control group exhibited a comparatively lower BMI when compared to the other two groups. Similar patterns were observed in both male and female patients throughout the three groups. The findings of the study indicate a statistically significant association between body mass index (BMI) and insulin resistance, as well as a substantial relationship between insulin resistance measured by the homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) and cardiovascular risk factors. Findings: Our findings emphasized the importance of assessing insulin resistance in conjunction with body mass index (BMI) when evaluating the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Furthermore, our research findings suggest that therapies targeting the reduction of insulin resistance and regional fat distribution may prove effective in mitigating cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.